Ma transformer amphamvu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa njira zogawira magetsi, ndipo kusankha zinthu kumakhudza mwachindunji magwiridwe antchito ndi kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama. Mkangano womwe ukupitilira pakati pa ma transformer a aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa wasintha zisankho zogulira m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuyambira makampani ofunikira mpaka malo opangira zinthu.

Kusanthula kwathunthu kumeneku kukuyang'ana makhalidwe ofunikira ndi ukadaulo womwe umasiyanitsa ma transformer a aluminiyamu ndi mkuwa, kufufuza zinthu zofunika kuphatikiza kuyendetsa bwino magetsi, mawonekedwe a kutentha, kuganizira za kukula kwake, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kothandiza m'magawo osiyanasiyana. Kuyerekeza kwathu mwatsatanetsatane kudzathandiza akatswiri kupanga zisankho zodziwikiratu kutengera zofunikira pa polojekiti ndi zoletsa zogwirira ntchito.

Kodi Chosinthira Aluminiyamu N'chiyani?

Chosinthira cha aluminiyamu chimagwiritsa ntchito zozungulira za aluminiyamu m'malo mwa mkuwa wachikhalidwe mu zozungulira zake zoyambira komanso zachiwiri. Pakati pa chosinthiracho chimapangidwa ndi zitsulo za silicon, pomwe zinthu zoyendetsera zozungulirazo ndi aluminiyamu yoyera kwambiri yokhala ndi mphamvu zamagetsi zoyenera kutumiza ndi kugawa mphamvu.

Ma aluminium windings amapangidwa mwapadera kuti asunge mawonekedwe abwino amagetsi. Opanga nthawi zambiri amawonjezera malo ozungulira a aluminiyamu windings ndi pafupifupi 60% poyerekeza ndi ofanana ndi mkuwa kuti akwaniritse kutsika kwa mphamvu ya aluminiyamu. Kusintha kwa kapangidwe kameneka kumatsimikizira mphamvu yokwanira yonyamula magetsi pamene akusunga miyezo ya magwiridwe antchito a transformer.

Ma transformer amakono a aluminiyamu amagwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zotetezera kutentha ndi njira zoziziritsira kuti azisamalira kutentha bwino. Ma windings ali ndi zipangizo zotetezera kutentha zapamwamba, kuphatikizapo kraft paper ndi mineral oil, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azisiyanitsidwa komanso kutentha. Ma transformer amenewa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito matanki okhala ndi ma radiator kuti aziziziritsa bwino.

Kodi Chosinthira Mkuwa N'chiyani?

Chosinthira mkuwa chimagwiritsa ntchito ma conductor a mkuwa pa ma windings ake oyambira ndi achiwiri. Chosinthira chimagwiritsa ntchito mkuwa wa electrolytic grade wokhala ndi chiyero chochepa cha 99.9%, kuonetsetsa kuti magetsi akuyenda bwino komanso mphamvu zake zimasamutsidwa bwino. Ma windings a mkuwa amasonyeza magwiridwe antchito ofanana pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana ya katundu ndi kutentha komwe amagwira ntchito.

Kapangidwe ka ma transformer amkuwa kamapindula ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa ndi mkuwa. Ma windings amakhala ndi miyeso yopapatiza chifukwa cha mphamvu ya mkuwa yokwera, zomwe zimathandiza kuti malo agwiritsidwe ntchito bwino mkati mwa transformer. Ma conductors amkuwa ali ndi zokutira zapadera za enamel ndi makina oteteza mapepala omwe amaletsa ma shorts amagetsi pomwe akuthandizira kusamutsa kutentha bwino.

Ma transformer awa amagwiritsa ntchito njira zolondola zozungulira kuti achepetse kutayika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi komanso kukonza kulumikizana kwa ma elekitiromagineti pakati pa ma coil oyambira ndi achiwiri. Ma coil amkuwa amasunga umphumphu wawo wamakina kwa nthawi yayitali, kukana kusintha kwa kutentha ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Njira zopangira zimaphatikizapo kuletsa mosamala ndi kuwongolera kupsinjika kuti zitsimikizire kufalikira kofanana kwa mphamvu zamagetsi ndi makina panthawi yonse yozungulira.

Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa Aluminiyamu ndi Osinthira Mkuwa

Mayendedwe Amagetsi

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya mkuwa ili pa 100% IACS (International Annealed Copper Standard), pomwe aluminiyamu imafika pafupifupi 61% IACS. Kusiyana kumeneku kumatanthauza kuti ma transformer amkuwa amawonetsa kukana kwamagetsi kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi ichepe panthawi yogwira ntchito. Kuti athetse mphamvu yamagetsi yochepa ya aluminiyamu, opanga ayenera kuwonjezera malo ozungulira a aluminiyamu ndi pafupifupi 56% poyerekeza ndi ma windings amkuwa kuti akwaniritse mphamvu yofanana yonyamula magetsi.

Cost

Ma transformer a aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri amawononga ndalama zochepera 30-40% kuposa ma transformer ena a mkuwa chifukwa cha mitengo yotsika ya zinthu zopangira. Msika wa zinthu zachitsulo ukuwonetsa kuti aluminiyamu nthawi zonse imakhala ndi mtengo wotsika pa kilogalamu imodzi poyerekeza ndi mkuwa. Komabe, kusanthula ndalama zonse kuyenera kuganizira kuti ma transformer a aluminiyamu amafunikira ma windings akuluakulu komanso zinthu zambiri zotetezera kutentha kuti agwire ntchito mofanana.

Kunenepa

Kuchuluka kwa aluminiyamu kwa 2.7 g/cm³ poyerekeza ndi 8.96 g/cm³ ya mkuwa kumapangitsa ma transformer a aluminiyamu kukhala opepuka pafupifupi 50% kuposa ma unit ofanana a mkuwa. Kusiyana kumeneku kwa kulemera kumapereka ubwino waukulu pa mayendedwe, kukhazikitsa, ndi zofunikira zothandizira kapangidwe kake. Transformer ya aluminiyamu ya 1000 kVA nthawi zambiri imalemera 30-35% yocheperapo kuposa yofanana ndi mkuwa.

kukula

Chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya aluminiyamu, ma transformer omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma windings a aluminiyamu amafuna ma cores ndi ma coil akuluakulu. Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 15-25% poyerekeza ndi ma transformer amkuwa omwe ali ndi mulingo wofanana. Kusiyana kwa kukula kumeneku kumakhudza zofunikira pa malo oyika ndi kuganizira za kuzizira. Mwachitsanzo, transformer ya aluminiyamu ya 500 kVA ingafunike voliyumu yochulukirapo 20% kuposa yofanana ndi mkuwa.

Kutentha kwa kutentha

Mphamvu ya kutentha ya Copper ya 401 W/m·K imaposa mphamvu ya aluminiyamu ya 237 W/m·K, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kutentha kutayike bwino mu ma transformer amkuwa. Kusamalira kutentha kwapamwamba kumeneku kumalola ma transformer amkuwa kugwira ntchito pa mphamvu yamphamvu popanda kutentha kwambiri.

Kukhalitsa ndi Mphamvu

Mkuwa uli ndi mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri ya makina yokhala ndi mphamvu yokoka ya 220-400 MPa poyerekeza ndi ya aluminiyamu ya 70-180 MPa. Kusiyana kumeneku kumakhudza kulimba kwa transformer ku mphamvu ya makina panthawi yoyendetsa, kuyiyika, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito. Ma transformer a mkuwa amakhala opirira bwino kugwedezeka ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina pakapita nthawi.

Mwachangu

Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya mkuwa kumapangitsa kuti mphamvu zichepe komanso kuti mphamvu ziwonjezeke. Ma transformer a mkuwa nthawi zambiri amasonyeza mphamvu yogwira ntchito bwino ndi 0.3-0.5% kuposa mayunitsi ofanana a aluminiyamu. Pa transformer ya 1000 kVA yomwe imagwira ntchito bwino, kusiyana kumeneku kumatha kumasulira maola masauzande angapo a kilowatt omwe amasungidwa pachaka.

Zaka zambiri

Ma transformer a mkuwa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwa zaka 30-40, pomwe ma transformer a aluminiyamu amakhala ndi zaka 25-35 pamlingo wofanana. Kusiyana kwa moyo wa aluminiyamu kumeneku kumachokera ku kukana kwa mkuwa kwambiri ku okosijeni ndi kupsinjika kwa makina. Malo olumikizirana mu ma transformer a aluminiyamu amafunika kusamalidwa pafupipafupi chifukwa cha kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kutentha.

Mapulogalamu

Ma transformer a mkuwa ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe amafuna kudalirika kwambiri, monga zipatala, malo osungira deta, ndi mafakitale. Ma transformer a aluminiyamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba zogona, nyumba zamalonda, ndi maukonde ogawa zinthu komwe kukonza ndalama ndikofunikira kwambiri.